While preparing a Linux server for general use, you might want to initialize certain aspects of the environment at the first login by the user. This article assumes that your shell is bash. When bash starts, it executes commands from different scripts in the order given below.

1. /etc/profile 1.1 Loads all *.sh file inside /etc/profile.d directory
2. ~/.bash_profile
3. ~/.bash_login
4. ~/.profile

To check which shell you have, type echo $SHELL.

You may modify the files, but it is usually a good idea to have your own custom.sh file created inside /etc/profile.d if you want a certain script to be executed for all users.

The Script

You can use this simple script structure to execute something for the first time a user logs in.

#!/bin/bash

if [ -e $HOME/.yourflag ]
then
    echo "No steps required"
else
    echo "Your steps go here"
    touch $HOME/.yourflag
fi

It is a fairly simple structure as you can see and it checks if a particular flag exists.

I hope this helps!

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